Browsing: O33

2015

Leadership in technology. SMURD: a telemedicine case study

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Introduction.The medical field is one of the most dynamic in Romania, regarding the adoption of IT. Dynamics is determined by two main factors. The first is related to the development of private health care market, and the second the benefits of using new technologies in medical processes. Telemedicine and advanced medical techniques are driven by new technologies. This paper aims to analyse the use of technology interoperability standards between applications and devices in medical institutions from Romania. Adoption of standards such as HL7 (Health Level 7), XML (eXtended Markup Language) and SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) can increase the quality of medical processes in Romania and can help reduce the cost of medical processes.

Aim of the study. In the article present a brief study on the use of new technologies in SMURD (Mobile Emergency Service for Resuscitation and Extrication). SMURD implementation is a clear proof of how technology could bring leadership in medical care.
Keywords: HL7, XML SOA, interoperability, system integration, web services
JEL Classification: O33

2017

The sustainable management in the e-waste and municipal solid waste sectors

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Introduction. The multiplication and diversification of the waste resulting from economic activities can be explained by the development of the society, which implies the waste as secondary effect. Apart from the positive effects on the global consumption, the economic activities have also negative effects on the humans and environment due to the waste generation. The sustainable management in the waste sector should increase the efficiency in the resources use and prevent waste generation, should find new production methods and new eco-designed products, so that the economic growth can be made with fewer natural resources and materials, with less energy consumption.

Aim of the study. The transition to a greener waste sector is an important issue for all the national economies and it suppose reducing and preventing waste generation, improving waste recycling and qualitative valorization, reducing the environmental impact of the waste, improving the existing national and international databases, encouraging green investments and a closer and a better collaboration between the local public administration authorities, the companies and the population and also between economic subjects from different countries.
Keywords: sustainable management, e-waste, municipal solid waste, recycle, reuse, remanufacturing.
JEL Classification: A13, D12, D18, D62, E61, F42, I15, O21, O25, O33

2018

Bio-plastic – between current practices and the challenges of a sustainable future

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Introduction. In a globalized economy built on intensive consumption of natural resources and environmentally damaging actions, it is imperative to identify solutions that help to reduce pollution. In line with efforts to maximize the value of natural resources and minimize toxic materials in the environment, many countries have developed bio-economic strategies that contribute to the conversion of bio-basic raw materials to develop organic products (bio-plastic , bio-pharmaceuticals, green chemicals etc.). In Europe, there are already countries that have established bio-economic policies (Denmark, Finland, Germany, France, Scotland and the Netherlands), and an European strategy is already being discussed at EU level. Countries that are already implementing bio-economic principles are positioned as research and innovation centers for bio-products, green energy, bio-economic processes and services. In this context, bio-plastics play an important role due to their potential to contribute to improving the quality of the environment and, implicitly, the well-being of the planet’s inhabitants.

Aim of the study. The article aims to make a brief analysis of the importance and evolution of the field of bio-plastics at a globall and European level, trying to bring forth the best examples of good practice from countries that are already implementing such policies and whose economies are becoming more and more bio (green economies). In addition to being environmentally friendly, the bio-plastics sector also has an important potential to generate job growth, costs savings and natural resources etc.
Keywords: bio-economy, bio-plastics, sustainable development
JEL Classification: O1, O13, O33, O44

2020

The concept of innovation with some insights from resource-based view and evolutionary theory

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Introduction. The current economic environment is increasingly turbulent and companies are developing skills through human resources, technologies and Research & Development to cope with declining product cycles and faster technological changes. In evolutionary theory, innovations are heterogeneous and firms learn dynamically from interacting with other firms and technologies, from which incremental or radical innovations can emerge. After a new technology appears, the embedded part of the technology will be disseminated within the industry through some channels and the non-embedded part of the technology will accumulate some idiosyncratic knowledge within the innovative companies through the appropriation of knowledge and knowledge spillovers. There are two major trends in studies, some do not study the innovation per se but are oriented towards the transformations regarding the innovative strategies of the companies in different economic and social environments. The other trend of studies is oriented towards the innovation process itself which has evolved from a linear process of R&D-patent-innovation-market to one towards open-innovation in which the company interacts with other entities.

Aim of the study. The aim of this paper is to present some approaches to study innovative activities from the company’s perspective with a focus on resource-based view and evolutionary theory. In the resource-based approach, companies develop competitive advantages through resources and innovations that are rare and difficult to imitate.
Keywords: innovation activities, resource-based view, evolutionary theory, competitive advantage, technological changes
JEL Classification: D21, L25, O33