Browsing: 2017, Vol. 26, Issue 2, December

Introduction. The notion of “restructuring” can be defined as the process that has the purpose of reducing the size of the enterprise by reference to the number of employees and the number of hierarchical levels in the organizational structure. The main reason a company resorts to the restructuring process is diminishing spending, increasing profits and increasing efficiency.

Aim of the study.Through this paper I try to delimit the two notions of “restructuring” and “reorganization” in order to make them easier to comprehend. For this to be possible, I will make a brief introduction to these concepts and I will try to delimit them to some extent.
Keywords: restructuring, reorganization, social context, profitability.

Introduction. The concept of smart city has become more and more important and “useful” in recent years because of the negative effects on the environment and human health. Thus, researchers have sought to find solutions to improve housing in increasingly urbanized cities.

Aim of the study. This article brings to the reader a certain structure in terms of analyzing the concept of smart city, as well as the dissemination of the most important factors to consider when a city moves from its original state to a sustainable and intelligent governance of the city. Smart City Governance aims to create new forms of human collaboration by using ICTs to achieve better results and more open government processes. This article highlights the fact that public administration and intelligent governance is a matter of complex processes of institutional change and we should recognize the political nature of the visions of socio-technological governance.
Keywords: smart city, sustainable management, urban city

Introduction. The high importance of the entrepreneur’s role in society has been widely recognized by most economists as well as by politicians or decision-makers. The path to entrepreneurial success is not to be found only in books and business reports, but also in the country’s culture, entrepreneurial experiences, entrepreneurs’ characteristics, skills, personalities and behaviors, creativity and work.

Aim of the study. The aims of the paper are to define the concept of successful entrepreneur and to present the case of Mark Elliot Zuckerberg, one of the famous American entrepreneurs. The research is based on a case study. The paper demonstrates that Zuckerberg, the co-founder of Facebook, has succeeded in becoming one of the most successful entrepreneurs worldwide.
Keywords: entrepreneur, Zuckerberg, Facebook, company
JEL Classification: L26

Introduction. There are a lot of factors, both internal and external (social, financial, technological, political, legislative, demographic) that influence the activity of a company. Its adaptability and flexibility are decisively influenced by the entrepreneur’s education, but also by the group he leads and by the innovative spirit that exists at the organizational level. The local and global information flows provide support for the development of businesses that once seemed impossible. The entrepreneur has the capacity to take major risks, to identify opportunities and to ensure the company’s sustainability.

Aim of the study. The paper aims at presenting some aspects regarding the current level of entrepreneurship and the way in which education and innovation influence it.
Keywords: entrepreneurship, innovation, education, entrepreneurship factors, growth
JEL Classification: L26

Introduction. The public resources that are invested in R&D have the purpose to stimulate the public-private partnerships, to foster innovations and to create a pool of knowledge and spill-overs to the targeted regions. The regions from the states from European Union need to apply RIS3 strategies for investments in R&D and innovation due to pre-existing conditions to access funds from European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). The European Commission launched an on-line Smart Specialization Platform (S3platform) to assist the members to develop, implement and compare smart specialization strategies and to offer data for national and regional authorities to identify the specific activities with high-added value to improve the regional competitiveness. Some indicators are presented to show the Romanian efforts for R&D and private innovation capabilities, the pre-identified potential for smart specialisation within the regions and some current evidence available on the S3platform.

Aim of the study. The aim of this article is to study the concept of Smart Specialization and to explore some evidences of how it is implemented in the regions from Romania. The concept refers to investments in knowledge activities and not in sectors. There are defined specific policy objectives that will have a specific impact in scientific and economic domains.
Keywords: smart specialization, research&development, innovation, regional development
JEL Classification: L52, O38, R11

Introduction. The multiplication and diversification of the waste resulting from economic activities can be explained by the development of the society, which implies the waste as secondary effect. Apart from the positive effects on the global consumption, the economic activities have also negative effects on the humans and environment due to the waste generation. The sustainable management in the waste sector should increase the efficiency in the resources use and prevent waste generation, should find new production methods and new eco-designed products, so that the economic growth can be made with fewer natural resources and materials, with less energy consumption.

Aim of the study. The transition to a greener waste sector is an important issue for all the national economies and it suppose reducing and preventing waste generation, improving waste recycling and qualitative valorization, reducing the environmental impact of the waste, improving the existing national and international databases, encouraging green investments and a closer and a better collaboration between the local public administration authorities, the companies and the population and also between economic subjects from different countries.
Keywords: sustainable management, e-waste, municipal solid waste, recycle, reuse, remanufacturing.
JEL Classification: A13, D12, D18, D62, E61, F42, I15, O21, O25, O33

Introduction. Over time, tourism sector, at the global level, has faced a number of challenges, from high gasoline prices to war and health hazards. However, tourism is a sector which always has found ways to recover from crises. But it is a sector that cannot recover as long as the whole economy does not. Romanian tourism faces many challenges related to globalisation, a phenomenon influencing most of the world countries.

Aim of the study. Sustainable tourism development requires to consider and to adapt to various factors, with influence on destinations, businesses, and visitors. Lack of coherent policies and reforms have made their mark on the efficiency, productivity, and contribution of tourism to economic development.
Keywords: risk assessment; tourism, Romania
JEL Classification: L83, Z32

Introduction. The dynamics of the business environment has led to a growing competition. Everyone dreams of their own business. The question is: how do I create a business and how do I develop it? Do I have entrepreneurial skills? Given the decline in purchasing power, one of the most sensitive aspects of the economic system is also emphasized: the price. The difference between companies lies in the service provided for consumers as an additional element for purchasing the product.

Aim of the study. A new type of economic offer appears: the experience, which represents the quality of the time that the consumer spends with that company. What you sell is the very experience. Experiences are a new source of value and are events that involve people at a personal level. The new offer of experiences occurs whenever a company intentionally uses its services as a stage and its goods as stage props in order to involve a client.
Keywords: entrepreneur, innovation, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial skills.
JEL Classification: L25, M21, O16

Introduction. The entrepreneur is a key character of the economy with a competitive market that translates into business ideas by taking advantage of opportunities offered by the market.

Aim of the study. The paper sets out representative approaches in relation to the entrepreneur, developed over time by reputed economics and management specialists. The best known and quoted classifications of entrepreneurs set out in the specialized literature, namely the one elaborated by the American Professor John B. Miner and the STRATOS typology, are presented and analyzed in a comparative vision. The strengths and vulnerabilities of each type of entrepreneur in the two types presented are systematically emphasized. Also, the main variables defining entrepreneurial spirit and the most important forces that determine it are highlighted and explained in the paper.
Keywords: entrepreneur, business idea, business opportunity, entrepreneurial spirit.
JEL Classification: L26, M10, M21, O10.

Introduction. The development of entrepreneurship programs in Romania is a clear need for the current problems of the Romanian education and labor market at the national level. However, no matter how performing and successful the programs implemented in this field are, inefficient communication at the institutional level and their poor promotion will lead to their visible failure and a false interplay.

Aim of the study. Programs and public policies on reducing unemployment through the development of entrepreneurship at national level are a necessity for Romania. But these can not be implemented at the desired level without clear rules on the communication process between implementing institutions and citizens, between collaborating institutions and other actors involved in the promotion process.
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Public Communication, Entrepreneurship Programs