Browsing: G18

Introduction. Today the financial market system, as a whole, and the financial market, in particular, are both facing numerous challenges. The elements addressed in our research come to present in a broad and accurate manner these challenges, in an attempt to forecast the financial market’s next steps and figures, and to make light on the nearest provocations that the social, political and economic environment are all bringing.

Aim of the study. In the first part of this research paper, elements such as monetary, fiscal, financial, business, investment, labour, economic, property and political freedom features are being presented, starting from the complex definitions of these concepts, continuing with an in-depth analysis of these concepts and their roles and importance in today’s society structure. In this regard, numerous valuable examples of successful economic and political structures are being presented, in order to emphasize the nations’ potential in terms of monetary, fiscal, financial, business, investment, labour, economic, property and political freedom. In the second part of this scientific work, the role and the importance given to the financial markets nowadays is being presented, starting from the definitions of the financial markets, continuing with the challenges that these types of markets are facing today, given the monetary challenges, the fragility of the economic systems world-wide, the insecurities brought by the continuously changing public policies, the financial “game” that is “played” between the banks and the capital markets, as well as the investments’ role at the level of the economy. In the third part of this paper, Romania’s situation is being addressed taking into consideration the latest data and analysis provided by the National Bank of Romania (September 2016) based on the discoveries and the general conclusions of the document named “Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (D.S.G.E.) model estimated for Romania”.
Keywords: financial markets, capital markets, monetary freedom, fiscal freedom, financial freedom, business freedom, investment freedom, labour freedom, economic freedom, property freedom, political freedom, economic and political features, money, banks, investments, Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (D.S.G.E.) Model, National Bank of Romania (N.B.R.), Romania’s situation
JEL Classification: D53, E00, E44, E50, E58, F21, F38, F43, G00, G01, G10, G17, G18, G32

Introduction. The sustainable management in the field of the tourism is important because this sector is one of the main sectors which contributes to the economic growth.

Aim of the study. The purpose of this research is to illustrate the evolution and the positive and negative impact of the tourism on the national economies in Romania, in the European Union and worldwide, related with the environmental, social and cultural aspects. The role of the national States is very important, in order to improve institutions, regulations and financing, to encourage the private economic entities, depending on the national specific, which requires specific economic policy instruments. The quantitative and especially the qualitative methods aim to highlight the importance of the sustainable tourism and of the sustainable management in the tourism sector for a green economy, considering the changes in the economic behavior.
Keywords: sustainable management, sustainable tourism, green hotels, energy consumption
JEL Classification: A13, D12, D63, E61, F63, G18, J21, L83, Z32

Introduction. The sustainable management in the field of the transport is particularly important because this sector is one of the main producers of the greenhouse gases, together with the sector of buildings and the industry. The purpose of this research is to illustrate the evolution and the positive and negative impact that sustainable transports have on the national economies in Romania, in the European Union and worldwide. Given the importance they have in different regions of the world the purpose of the research is determined by the fact that national policies, both at European Union level and at global level, must include aspects related to the green economy, both by encouraging private economic entities, as well as by a stronger state involvement, by a more efficient management.

Aim of the study. The quantitative and especially the qualitative methods aim to highlight the importance of sustainable transport for a green economy. The sustainable management it is very important, especially nowadays, when progress allow to change the vision and the economic behavior in order to increase the economic efficiency.
Keywords: sustainable management, green transport, transport demand, combined transport, avoiding transportation, green infrastructure.
JEL Classification: A13, D18, D62, E61, F69, G18, H53, I15, L62, L71, L91, L92, O18, R41, R42